Psoriasis on the head is one of the most common forms of psoriasis.It can be a variant independent of the disease, when psoriatic rashes are located only in the head (regional scalp psoriasis) or may relate to the manifestations of diffuse and widespread shapes when pathological changes capture the entire surface of the skin.
Causes of the disease
The causes of psoriasis on the head are the same as the psoriasis of other locations.However, none of the many theories of psoriasis is universally recognized and, despite the large number of studies, the true causes of the disease are still unknown.However, the factors are distinguished, whose role is proven in the development of the disease.
- Heredity.In about one third of the patients, psoriasis is inherited according to the classic laws of genetics: from parents to children, according to the dominant autosomal mechanism.In other cases, psoriasis refers to multifactorial to disease when hereditary factors increase the risk of disease in the presence of other significant effects.
- Immune, endocrine and metabolic disorders.
- Epidermal disorders: Various types of skin cells' vital cycle changes, among which the highest value is linked to the abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes (acceleration of skin division) and a slowdown in morphological differentiation (ripening and division into different cell types).
The main symptoms
The main local symptom of head psoriasis is the thick and clearly delimited papula and the pink or bright red plates with a white silver peeling characteristic on its surface.Typical Location - The forehead and freezing area on the border of the hair growth zone.At the beginning of the disease, there are usually few signs, they are pale and, as it were, erased, preserved for a long time in the same places.After exposure to provocative factors (trauma, infection, pregnancy, diet, nervous shock, etc.), eruption and eruption progresses.The plains increase in size, mixing, become brighter, itching.Psoriasis hair does not fall, even in the case of a severe course and extensive scalp injuries.
When the plates surface is displayed, you can determine the characteristic triad of symptoms:
- The phenomenon of the steerine point is an increase in peeling with a small prop.
- The Phenomenon of the Terminal Movie - After removing the scales, the surface of the plate is wet, thin, shiny.
- Auspitz symptom, or a bloody dew phenomenon - with carefully propagation of the terminal film, points bleeding occurs in the form of small unhealthy blood drops.
In addition to local symptoms, some of the patients develop nail lesions and psoriatic arthritis.
Treatment
The treatment of psoriasis in the head should be complex, including the correction of possible causes and the elimination of provocative factors, therapeutic diet and general and local funds.Specific skin care recommendations and the choice of medicines in each case are individual and should give them a dermatologist.
Unfortunately, today it is not known how to cure psoriasis - the disease is chronic, prone to frequent recurrences.However, complete compliance with all commitments can provide persistent long remission, when skin symptoms become discreet or completely disappear.
Diet
The diet of psoriasis patients is similar to the diet of allergies patients, as allergy mediators (histamine and others) are accurately accurately supporting acute and cruel changes on the skin.Thus, they are excluded from the diet:
- Extractive substances (broths rich in meat and fish, smoked meat).
- Spices, spices.
- Products with a large number of artificial flavors, dyes.
- Marinades, sauerry and salty vegetables, canned foods.
- Mushrooms.
- Alcohol.
- Exotic fruits (mango, kiwi, etc.).
Fatty and fried dishes are limited, easily digestible carbohydrates (sweets, pasta, butter baking dish), table salt.In the context of exacerbation, it is recommended to perform discharge days, with intense itching eruptions - hunger for one day twice a week.
Skin care
Even with severe itching, combing the skin should be avoided, since plates lesions usually contribute to the emergence of new rashes (Kobner phenomenon).To relieve itching and scales removal, they wash their heads daily, alternating the use of special shampoos and anti -inflammatory herbs.Head psoriasis shampoo may contain:
- tar;
- Selena Sulfide;
- zinc.
Shampoos are used no more than three times a week and, among these procedures, it is advisable to wash the head with a chamomile, calendula, sage, pine and tea leaves.
Medicine
The treatment of psoriasis in the head in case of serious exacerbations can be performed in a hospital, with the prescription of systemic corticosteroids (orally or intramuscular), desensitizing therapy (anti -histamines inside and intramuscular).Detoxification is performed, intravenous administration of sodium thiosulfate, calcium chloride, intramuscular injections of calcium gluconate (or prescribed inside).
In addition, with severe and moderate psoriasis, it is possible to prescribe the following groups of medicines (strictly according to indications and individually!):
- Cytostatics (methotrexate, cyclosporine) - to suppress abnormal cell proliferation.
- System retinoids - to regulate the regeneration and differentiation processes of skin cells.The drug is not combined with cytostatics and other retinoids.
- System biological agents - reduce immune system activity.
Local
With extensive skin manifestations, especially with acute inflammation elements, exudation, in the presence of combs, local funds are used limited and very carefully, since active penetration of the active substance through damaged skin with the development of systemic side effects is possible.They begin to apply at the exacerbation stage and, during the period of partial remission, local medications form the basis for the treatment of psoriasis.
In addition to therapeutic shampoos and anti -inflammatory decoctions, folders, ointments, creams, gels, lotions are used.The following drugs are used more often:
- Local backgrounds containing tar are applied to scalp twice a day with courses of 1-2 weeks.It is not recommended that they are treated for a long time without interruption as they can cause excessive dry skin.
- Naphthal ointment.
- Salicilic ointment.Salicylic acid has a keratolytic effect ("dissolves thick cells), disinfects the surface of the plates.
- It means with zinc.
- Local forms of glucocorticosteroids.To avoid the development of local skin changes (steroid acne, irritation, thinning, atrophy, allergic dermatitis) and systemic side effects (metabolic corticosteroids, hormonal disorders, etc.) receive prescribed courses within two weeks 1 time per month.They should be applied twice a day with a thin layer and only on plates, whose surface has no mechanical damage (combs, erosions).In addition to creams, there are hormonal emulsions and lotions for sale, which are easier to wash from the hair.
- Vitamin D analogs are applied to lesions 2 times a day, they can be used in combination with local steroids.
- Local retinoids are applied to plates every hour by day in 10 days or more courses, depending on the reaction to treatment (they can cause severe irritation in the application area).
- Antraline is used up to 4 times a day.Side Effects - Irritating Effect (itching, redness), yellow skin color at the application site.
- Combined local remedies are modern and highly effective medications for the treatment of psoriasis.Most of the time, brush combinations with tar, salicylic acid are used.Another good cure combined for psoriasis on the head.
A large number of commercial names of local psoriasis medicines are produced, and only one expert can understand them.Do not self -assert, buy under the advice of acquaintances or under the influence of announcing any medicine, even really effective.How to treat psoriasis in head only a dermatologist should determine, as local therapy always implies individually selected combinations and alternate medications.
NO -Drug Treatment
Psoriasis refers to climate-dependent diseases.Thus, natural sunlight is very beneficial for psoriasis, contributing to a decrease in skin manifestations.Patients are recommended daily, but a small sun stay (in the morning, closer to the night).In periods of autumn-winter, the UOF is prescribed.Rio and sea water have a good effect.Persistent and completely complete remission can be achieved after undergoing a rehab and treatment course in Sanatoriums in the Dead Sea.
In the treatment of head psoriasis, physiotherapy techniques are widely used: UFV phototherapy, UFV of a narrow band, bullet therapy.It should be borne in mind that frequently in the sun and physiotherapeutic methods for the treatment of psoriasis increases the risk of skin cancer, so physical therapy is not recommended for children, and all other groups of patients need to undergo preventive oncologist's preventive tests annually.